Dativ
The dative case
As you may have heard before, there are 4 grammar cases in German: nominative (Nominativ), accusative (Akkusativ), dative (Dativ), and genitive (Genitiv).
Even though English does not have declensions, German cases have some correspondences with our English grammar features.
The dative case corresponds, in most cases, to the indirect object of the sentences in English. In other words, it indicates that something or someone has been indirectly affected by the action of the verb. Examples:
Ich gebe dem Kind ein Buch. (I give a book to the kid )
Ich sende dem Mann eine Meldung. (I send a message to the man)
To recognize the Dativobjekt (indirect object) it's convenient to use the "Wem?" (whom?) question:
Ich gebe dem Kind ein Buch. Wem gebe ich das Buch? Dem Kind.
Ich sende dem Mann eine Meldung. Wem sende ich eine Meldung? Dem Mann.
The articles must be declined in the dative. This is how they look:
Definite articles:| Kasus | Maskulin | Feminin | Neutral | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominativ | der | die | das | die |
| Akkusativ | den | die | das | die |
| Genitiv | des | der | des | der |
| Dativ | dem | der | dem | den |